Meat Industry Reforms in Australia

Question: Discuss about theMeat Industry Reforms in Australia. Answer: Introduction The meat and livestock industry in Australia has been identified as one of the largest industries in the country contributing towards trade and employment. In the recent years, the competition of the firms operating in the industry is largely increasing due to the market structure, pricing strategy, and labour relations. In the Australian domestic market as well as export market, the beef industry has created its mark. Meanwhile, the competitive domestic meat industry structure needs quality reforms directed to increase long-term transparency in setting prices (Long, 2016). The study paper has been prepared to investigate the current status of the Australian meat industry. Furthermore, the study of the meat industry will indicate the specific reforms that have been done in the beef industry to maintain transparency. Over the past couple of decade or so, the fundamental structure of the Australian meat industry was modified by the government to make life easier for the suppliers, meat producers, as well as wholesale marketers. The regulatory and governing body of the Australian meat industry has set up significant reform calls so that small and medium abattoirs and meat processing firms will be benefited in a substantial order. In the next section, the overall position of the industry and the reform calls directed towards the industry has been described in detail. In the Australian meat industry, the increasing market share of the supermarkets has created significant pricing issues. As a result of the scenario, pricing reforms have become mandatory to support the small and medium meat producers as well as suppliers. In the competitive market scenario, the beef marketers have demanded Senate Inquiry to set transparency in the beef market as far as price monitoring is concerned (Long, 2016). Currently, the majority of the beef producers are directly selling the cattle to meat producing firms and abattoirs. Hence, pricing transparency will be the key to the survival of the meat producers. Moreover, around twenty percent of the cattle have been settled by saleyards. Therefore, most of the meat producers are demanding to monitor market prices so that accurate rate can be given to the sellers. The Australian meat industry is worth $15.8 billion. As a result of the massive valuation of the industry, export and trade of the Australian beef industry can be identified as one of the leading businesses around the world (Sun, Hyland and Bosch, 2014). In the meat industry reforms, the Australian government has set reform policy to increase the productivity, market services and position of the meat producers. Government policies and funding have largely supported the formulised structure of the Australian meat industry (Troy and Kerry, 2010). The vigilant and robust policies directed towards the meat industry have contributed to the environmental sustainability, responsible meat production, and health-conscious food practices. The pricing policy of red meat products includes significant retail as well as wholesale prices to support the structure of the industry. In the export section, consistent strategic policies have been intervened to promote beef farming (Kidane, 2007). Admittedly, latest technologies have been included in the meat producing and processing industry to increase the productivity as well. In order to establish a monetary balance in the meat industry, the government of Australia needs a price flooring policy that will help to eliminate the issues of price fluctuation in the market (Hunter, 2013). In other words, the government needs to introduce a minimum and maximum level of price that can be charged by each level of businesses in the meat industry to eliminate the issues of unequal price. By considering the report of Long (2016), it can be seen that the different prices charged by the large sellers due to the problems of middleman has created a great buss in the market (Long, 2016). Henc e, the government needs to promote the large supermarkets like Coles and others to support the farmers and buy products directly from them in order to minimise the level of price rise in the industry. Furthermore, the government can introduce technological reforms by providing technical support and easy loans to the small and medium scale farmers. The technological reforms will help to increase the production rate of the small farmers and minimise their production costs (Laufer, 2006). On the other hand, a bulk production can be helpful in controlling the expenses and reducing the high amount of price charged by the meat producers. In order to enable the small and medium scale producers to implement technological changes, the government can collaborate with banks to provide low interest loans (de Frutos and Manzano, 2014). On the other hand, the educational support provided by the large sellers such as supermarkets and meat processing organisations can lead to an economic reform in the industry (Long, 2016). The government can support the initiative of sustainable development of the meat industry by taking the help of the large firms and supporting them to educate the small and me dium scale farmers to develop their production and sell the products at right place in right time. It is important to note that the government of Australia played an essential role during the time of BSE or better known as Mad Cow Disease. During the period of 1990 to 2006, the government provided all sorts of medical supports to the small and medium scale farmers to safeguard their cattle and livestock (Lin, Ma and Chen, 2008). Different reforms were conducted by the Australian government to minimise the import of foreign livestock to keep the Australian production safe. Hence, the Australian Meat Industry Council needs to take care of such issues in order to safeguard the industry from any sort of economic losses (de Frutos and Manzano, 2014). By considering the above analysis, it can be seen that the Australian government has supported the growth of meat industry through different economic reforms. Meanwhile, the government needs to make several new policy changes in order to mitigate the issues of price fluctuation and price discrimination in the industry. Furthermore, the government needs to implement technological reforms in the form of monetary support and educational support to increase the level of production and eliminate the crisis of meat in the market. Additionally, the government can support the small and medium scale producers to directly sell the products to large supermarkets to minimise the influence of middleman. References de Frutos, M. and Manzano, C. (2014). Market transparency, market quality, and sunshine trading.Journal of Financial Markets, 17, pp.174-198. Hunter, R. (2013). Hormonal growth promotant use in the Australian beef industry.Animal Production Science, 50(7), p.637. Kidane, H. (2007). Export Market for Australian Beef Industry.Journal of Food Products Marketing, 14(1), pp.11-36. Laufer, F. (2006). Market Reforms, Continued.Health Affairs, 25(2), pp.567-568. Lin, Y., Ma, T. and Chen, H. (2008). Does Information Content Necessarily Increase with Greater Pre-Trade Transparency?.Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies, 11(04), pp.531-554. Long, W. (2016).Calls to reform beef markets and increase transparency. [online] ABC Rural. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-09-21/calls-to-reform-beef-markets-and-increase-transparency/7864490 [Accessed Jan. 2017]. Sun, D., Hyland, P. and Bosch, O. (2014). A Systemic View of Innovation Adoption in the Australian Beef Industry.Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 32(6), pp.646-657. Troy, D. and Kerry, J. (2010). Consumer perception and the role of science in the meat industry.Meat Science, 86(1), pp.214-226.

Nuclear Weapons Other Options Essays - Homelessness, Housing

Nuclear Weapons: Other Options Nuclear weapons, is one of today's most talked about issue. The United States alone has enough missiles to destroy Earth a few times over. Americans, then should not waste their money on taxes for building more weapons! There are other issues America must be concerned with. Why not stop the building of weapons and use the money for other needed causes? Today, over forty percent of America's national budget is used for our already large nuclear arsenal, but less than one percent is allocated for the homeless and other vital causes. For example, the money could be used for helping the homeless, working towards a drug-free America, and easing the trade deficit. The money could be put to use to ease housing costs, making houses affordable for homeless people. More houses could be built and old ones renovated or replaced. Old boarded-up buildings could be torn down and new apartments would take its place. Empty lots can be transformed in to affordable and clean rooms. Thus, more houses lowers the costs to buy one which, in turn, allows more people to move in off the streets. If home cannot be built, existing shelters could use food and medical aid. Shelters for the homeless are in bad shape and need the extra money to clean up the area. Many people talk about a drug-free America, including Georg Bush. Although he wants drug trafficking to stop, he does not allocate enough funds to accomplish the task. When production of useless weapons are stopped, the new income can be use to further the police force. More police stations, officers, and detectives are needed now. Many investigations at this moment are slowed because of the lack of manpower. Many people do not feel safe in their homes because the local police force is understaffed. All of this would change if we stop the cold war. People could walk on the streets at night, drug lords would be behind bars, and drugs would be eradicated from the country if nuclear weapons are stopped. The money would be used to set up addiction centers where many addicts can stop their use of drugs. More patrols could be set up along the border, stopping drugs before the enter this country which, in turn, would keep them off the streets and away from America's youth. Likewise, the trade deficit needs money to reverse its downward climb. Other countries are buying up American companies, and literally America itself. We owe countries billions of dollars which we can never pay off at the rate we are going. The American dollar is falling below other countries' currency. Our country needs extra money to pay debts and to renew trust with other countries. Once trust is renewed, we can again emerge as a leading super power. Hence, weapons now are gathering dust in bunkers waiting for a war that will never come. Money must be put to use for the homeless, to end the drug problem, and to lessen trade deficit. We, as a country, should worry about our problems besides the war. Let's make America that clean, drug-free place that has kept Americans dreaming for many years.

Significance of U.S. Science the 1870s essays

Significance of U.S. Science the 1870s essays Science in the United States prior to the Civil War was straggling to rise more than a few feet off the ground. Lacking positive support and participation, the few scientific organizations that were established failed to conform to newer thinking styles. With new scientific leaders, holding powerful positions and the Civil War now over, science in the United States grew vastly. A new epoch in science had arrived. Prior to the Civil War, the National Academy of Sciences hung from a precarious cliff with failing membership and lack of governmental interest. When Joseph Henry took over the presidency in 1867, his goal was to bring back the academy and reinvent it into a useful institution. First, Joseph Henry worked to get rid of Benjamin Siliman. Siliman was a key figure in the scientific of revolution in the early 1800s but was known to be a pursuer of profit in regards to science. Many believed he was a shame to modern science, and while his disbarment was not successful, the issue of membership requirements came under scrutiny. With the backing of Congress, Henry was able to lift the limits on membership and recruit younger, fresher members. By removing the limit of members, Henry was able to balance out the different fields. Henry was able to recreate the National Academy of Science into an institution that was able to create standards, promote basic research in all fields of science, and becomes advocates of science to the public. The Smithsonian was another institute that branch in the tree of U.S. science that received a facelift after the Civil War. The Smithsonian was owned jointly between the government and privately. The Smithsonian was supposed to be a support for scientists without strings, and yet that could not be realized without some sort of governmental dependence. With the building of Spencer Bairds National Museum, the Smithsonians funds were being drained at an enormous rate. Spencer tried to...

Why I Chose CreateSpace to Print My Paperback

Why I Chose CreateSpace to Print My Paperback Why I Chose CreateSpace to Print My Paperback Yvonne M. Feltman owns a successful pet sitting company in Austin, Texas called Custom Critter Sitters and aspires to be a New York Times Bestselling Author. In this article, she talks about her experience using CreateSpace (now known as KDP Print) to create her latest nonfiction, Your Pets Are Fine†¦ and Other Lies. If you’re currently comparing the different print on demand services out there, this might just help you choose!As a first-time self-published author, the decisions I had to make after I finished writing the chapters of my novel seemed daunting. Navigating the sometimes murky waters of ISBNs, copyright, font decisions, beta readers, sensitivity readers, book  editing services, cover design, and all the seemingly endless details during the process was not easy. Only determined authors will get to the finish line and have the privilege of saying â€Å"I published a book.† Luckily, the internet is full of amazing resources for new authors, including too ls like Reedsy, where I was able to find a highly experienced editor - Adam O'Brien - to help me perfect my story.I think every author should have the opportunity for that special moment when someone asks for an autograph on their own book. That can’t quite be done on an eBook! It is neat to wonder where my paperbacks may end up - on a shelf in a guest cottage in the French Riviera, or at a garage sale 20 years from now. My book could fall into the hands of a movie producer and we could see it as a dark comedy on the big screen one day.There is nothing like walking into the local bookstore and seeing a stack of my own books on a shelf for sale. How many people do you know personally who can claim that? The answer is likely â€Å"not many.† Publishing a book is a truly unique accomplishment that not many get to claim. Luckily, in the current day, we have robust tools like Createspace and Reedsy to help make that happen.Have you used any of the POD services out there? What was your experience? Leave any thoughts or questions for Yvonne in the comments below!Your Pets Are Fine†¦ and Other Lies is available in paperback and on Amazon Kindle!

Sentiment in financial markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sentiment in financial markets - Essay Example But if you have no feel for what the expectational environment is, you're kind of flying blind. You might have a good feel for the fundamentals and the technicals, but very often it's the expectational backdrop that makes the difference. For example, many investors are frustrated because they own a stock and the stock's earnings meet or perhaps even exceed expectations. And lo and behold, the stock goes down and people are at a loss to explain why. But for other stocks, the earnings come in and exceed expectations, and the stock skyrockets. Why the difference The reason is sentiment. Very often, the sentiment had been excessively bullish before the positive earnings report. In the days before the announcement, there may have been a heavy accumulation of call options. So there is a lot of anticipatory buying of the stock, which then pretty much has run its course when the earnings come out. But with these and other measures, you must wait until they get to some kind of extreme level before they carry contrary implications. For example, when everybody who could potentially be bullish is already bullish, then essentially most of the buying power in that particular market has been dissipated. At that point, the market becomes very vulnerable to selling because there isn't enough buying to offset the selling. Similarly, if only a very, very smal... Perhaps they have even shorted the market. That means the market has become more primed to move upward because if buyers should come in they will not encounter much selling pressure because the selling has already occurred. So imagine a poll today that says 80 percent of futures traders are bullish. Remember that people, whether futures traders or individual investors or market-letter writers, tend to be trend followers. Their opinion tends to be a reflection of what's going on in the market. So if 80 percent are bullish that doesn't mean that the market is at its peak. No. 1, you would expect them to be bullish, and, No. 2, they can always get more bullish. I think this points out a trap that the bears have fallen into. They've noticed signs of bullishness, namely the amount of money that's flowing into mutual funds, the investment clubs, the Beardstown Ladies' books and so on. You get into trouble when a market is in a powerful technical trend and you analyze it without reference to the fact that you expect people to be bullish in a bull market. When a stock rises on positive earnings, which also occurs often, there may have been a lot of concern about the earnings report and investors may have bought a lot of put options, or shorted the stock. Without a measure of sentiment that is accurate, you can go down all kinds of blind alleys. Some of those who have been bearish on the stock market will tell you that there are many more investment clubs than there were 15 years ago, or that mutual funds now outnumber the stocks on the Big Board. These are all good cocktail-party things to talk about, but they're not really measures of sentiment that have parameters associated with them. They're just anecdotal. Academic

The lack of IT systems within the logistics department of TATCO Yemen Literature review

The lack of IT systems within the logistics department of TATCO Yemen - Literature review Example Tatco-Yemen is a branch of Abudawood Group,a diversified group of companies that operates in the Middle East,Europe and the United States.The company specializes in the professional management of assets in different sectors including trading,sales and delivery of commodities,real estate,education and training of staffs,and financial investment. The company’s logistics focuses on supplying various products to consumers, an area where it has registered significant successes in the recent past. However, due to the rapid growth and expansion of its consumer base, stark challenges in the company’s management of inventory continue to exist. Tatco grapples with multiple problems related with the lack of Information Technology systems within the logistics department; these include, delays in the arrival of hard copies of important documents like invoices, causing unnecessary delays in customs clearance. Moreover, cargoes remain in the Yemeni port for longer due to lack of stora ge; and wrong information about the date of product. These problems have proved to be costly to the company. The paper explores the challenges of lack of IT systems in Tatco’s logistics department. Generally, logistics is an all-encompassing aspect of business involving planning, controlling and organizing the movement of goods and services, communications, real-time facts and people from the one point to another (Slater, 2012). Most of successful companies such as Tatco have in place strong a logistical department that supports the movement of its various assets across the country. The main problem with Tatco, however, is that most of its logistics processes are not properly integrated and built around IT systems. Processes such as handling of the materials, storage, information, shipment, packaging and inventory still lag behind, with the old paper work methods still in place (Safadi, 2003). The company suffers from ineffective logistical support and as such geographical restructuring of unfinished products, and the cleared inventories have been largely unpredictable, leading to products delays and rising operational costs (Von Der Gracht, 2008). Farooquie and Nasir (2010) in dicated that in any organization, the logistics department is expected to deliver on everything related with logistics by ensuring that the processes are developed in line with the organizational objectives of cost reduction and maximization of efficiency. However, the lack of IT systems within the organization present grave challenges to the organization’s storage processes distribution of wares, warehousing, and transportation of goods (Raj, 2009).

Accountability of the UN Peace Support Operations Essay Example for Free

Accountability of the UN Peace Support Operations Essay Global peace and security are among the United Nations core missions (Charter of the UN; chap. 1, art. 1). At its founding in 1945, the UN aimed to serve as a global high command to keep the peace in a post-colonial, post-fascist world. The end of the Cold War has made the United Nations an ever more important partner and player in the varied tasks of conflict resolution and conflict avoidance. With the closing of the ideological gap between East and West many look to the peacekeeping apparatus of the United Nations as the best tool to deal with the lesser crises that emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union (Morrison Blair 243). Thus, there is a belief that the United Nations has a pre-eminent role to play in global peace and security (Falk 627) by means of undertaking measures that fall under the category of preventive diplomacy – peace-keeping, peace-making and peace building (Inoguchi 3). At the same time there are many critics of the way the UN has managed its security roles in the post-Cold War period. See more:Â  Masters of Satire: John Dryden and Jonathan Swift Essay Some see threatening trends in the strengthening of the powers of the UN Security Council since the Gulf War; most agree that the Security Council has limits to its effectiveness as a global policeman. Both advocates and critics of the UN peacekeeping policies recognise that to be successful the peace support operations have to be sufficiently accountable – the same way as any use of military forces in democratic nations (Newman 16). The purpose of this study is to explore what channels of accountability of peace support operations under the auspices of the UN exist and how sufficient they are. Toward this end we will scrutinize how accountability is established, who is accountable for a mandate that cannot be carried out because of insufficient personnel, examine the degree of transparency in establishing responsibility of the parties involved, discuss the cases of peacekeepers’ misconduct, and make the conclusion. The Channels of Accountability of Peace Support Operations Such conceptions as preventive diplomacy, preventive deployment, humanitarian assistance, peacekeeping and peace-building make the essence of common vision on global peace missions. This has called forth an international partnership comprising the military, civilian police, governments and NGOs, diplomatic services, mass communication media, and other establishments supporting democratisation and advancement processes (Newman 8). At present time decisions on the uses of military forces for peacekeeping operations can be taken in international establishments far from legislative authorities that democratic administrations relied on to ensure accountability. Sometimes the principles of decision-making in such supranational institutions run counter to democratic foundations (Ku Jacobson 24). In the case of peace support operations carried out under the auspices of the UN the issue of accountability especially bring up when they deal with plenary powers and amenability for decisions on deploying military forces, incurring certain risks, choosing mission goals, and carry mandates into effect (Morrison Blair 254). Here it is of great importance to realise in what ways national governments may share responsibility with the UN and at the same time retain sufficient degree of accountability to their citizenry. The scholars define such channels of accountability as: international authorisation [and] [ ] national authorisation to use military forces, democratic civilian control of military personnel and operations, civilian responsibility to the military for the safety of deployed personnel, [and] responsibility to comply with norms governing the conduct of military and other international personnel in the field (Ku Jacobson 22). Among them the first one has been implemented successfully, for the most part, due to major shift in international politics from nations operating on their own to nations which act under the auspices of international establishments. The other channels were covered by national authorities by means of legal systems and appropriate domestic procedures inculcated in national constitutions, laws, legislative instruments and regulations as well as political and military traditions (Chesterman 99). At the national level legislative and executive authorities take decisions on the goals and targets of military missions, define the rules of conduct and involvement. Officials in charge of such decisions incur a full liability for adequacy of their deeds and are accountable to the citizens who elected them (Falk 634). But in case of peacekeeping operations under the auspices of the UN the issue of accountability is more complicated. It seems unrealisable to set responsibility at the international level in the same way. Hague and Geneva Conventions which are considered as the principal international laws of war provide precise directions on the conduct of military staff in the course of their peacekeeping missions and their responsibility toward the civilians and property in their zone of operations (Boulden 9). Hence, to evaluate the sufficiency of accountability of the UN peace support operations we have to discuss how these norms apply to peacekeeping troops deployed under the UN auspices and whether such norms are observed in practice.