Effects of Atmospheric Instability on the Anthrosphere :: Geology

EFFECTS OF ATMOSPHERIC INSTABILITY ON THE ANTHROSPHERE INTRODUCTIONThe air travel rises to 500 km above Earths surface. The atmosphere is divided into four parts based on temperature change in relation to change in altitude. The four parts are the Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, and Thermosphere. This paper will be discussing instability in the Troposphere, the lowest level, since it is where the Earths weather takes place. Tropospheric instability often times yields severe weather, such as tornadoes. A crack cocaine is a violently rotating column of form in contact with the ground and pendent from a cumulonimbus cloud. A tornados fierce winds have the ability to severely impingement the lives of humans by turning innocent stationary objects into flying missiles, collapsing buildings, and even throwing people hundreds of yards. One researcher summarized tornadoes well when he said fissurees are single of the Worlds strongest forces, and they will not stop at anything that will get in their way(Elias Demakes). FORMATION OF SEVERE WEATHERHOW Atmospheric instability is the result of air rising in a cloud that is warmer than its surroundings. The heat released by the condensation within the cloud allows the rising air to maintain its relative heat in comparison to its surroundings. This is characteristic of a supercell, the strongest type of thunderstorm (Supercell). Supercells occur when the warm updraft moves through an overlying stable layer and continues upward into a partition off of cool dry air. This process produces fierce vortex motions, a pre-requisite for tornadoes.WHERE Tornadoes can occur anywhere as long as the conditions are favorable. However, the United States is entertain to more tornadoes than any other country. And within the United States, geographically, the western plains has the highest frequency of tornado occurences. The western plains has so many that it has become known as Tornad o Valley. One reason that this area receives so much tornadic activity is because here, the warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico converges with the cool dry air from the north. This creates the unstable atmosphere necessary for the formation of a tornado.WHEN Tornadoes can occur on any day of the year at any hour. However, tornadoes occur most frequently in the spring.

Surveying :: essays papers

Surveying The commonwealth of Massachusetts has many different requirements for people who want to become registered ground surveyors. Applicants for registration as a Land Surveyor require five references three of these five must be from registered Land Surveyors who have seen the work of the applicant. The present supervisor should also be a reference. These references should cover the applicants entire survey career. Acceptable education for registration as a Land Surveyor with four years of envision is a degree of Bachelor of Science in Surveying or Engineering, including courses in land surveying, from an institution authorized by the Massachusetts Legislature or a degree of Bachelor of Science in Surveying or Engineering accredited by ABET (American Board of Engineering and Technology) including approved courses in land surveying. Education obtained outside of the United States may qualify if a complete description of the curriculum is presented and the Board or an agency qualified to evaluate distant curricula finds it to be equivalent. Acceptable education for registration as a Land Surveyor with six years of experience is a degree of Bachelor of Science or Associate degree in Surveying or Civil Engineering Technology, including at least 12 credit hours in land surveying, or cardinal years of formal education above high school level with at least 60 semester credit hours passed, 12 of which must be in land surveying courses approved by the Board. Acceptable educations for applicants who wish to be a Surveyor-in-Training are to pass the Fundamentals Examination as well as have a Bachelor of Science Degree. An applicant having a degree in something other than surveying must have attained the required experience before receiving certification. An applicant for Surveyor-in-Training certification having an Associates Degree or 60 semester hours of acceptable education including courses in surveying approved by the Board may be certified after passing the Fundamentals Examination and attaining the required experience. Acceptable professional land surveying experience is full-time activity. Part-time land surveying work performed during full-time study at an educational institution is considered part of the educational program and is not acceptable professional experience. A graduate of four-year applied science institution taken on a daytime program, or five years for a co-operative program must obtain the necessary experience in engineering work acceptable to the Board after graduation.

generalized anxiety disorder Essay -- essays research papers

Generalized Anxiety DisorderGeneralized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic and often disabling condition that is associated with uncontrollable worry and tension. The vicious cycle of anxiety and worry interferes with relationships, careers, and education, and often leads to depression. This disorder is much more than the normal anxiety that everyone experiences from time to time, and bottomland be cripple in its severity. GAD is unlikely to disappear without proper treatment, and often worsens over time.Physical manifestations of GAD often include headaches, trembling, twitching, fatigue, irritability, frustration, muscle tension, and inability to concentrate. Sleep disturbances whitethorn also occur. Individuals suffering from this disorder may appear to be always tense and unable to relax, or may startle more easily than others. a good deal they might seem to be constantly moving or fidgeting, unable to sit comfortably through a movie without worrying about something else t hat ask to be done.Some research suggests that GAD may run in families, and it Generalized Anxiety Disordermay grow worse during times of stress. Symptoms can begin at any age, but the risk is highest between childhood and middle age. GAD affects about 4 million adult Americans. Women are double as likely to be affected than men. The disorder usually comes on gradually, although it can be suddenly triggered by a childhood psychological trauma, the last of a loved one, divorce, and losing or changing a job. DSM-IV Diagnostic Criteria1.Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance). 2.The person finds it difficult to control the worry. 3.The anxiety and worry are associated with 3 (or more) of the following six symptoms (with at least some symptoms present for more days than not for the past 6 months). Note Only one relic is required in children. -restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge-being easily fatigued -difficulty concentrating or mind going blank-irritability-muscle tension-&nb... ...he anxiety the patient is having. There are many studies pertaining to generalized anxiety disorder. The studies examine the catching and environmental risks for major anxiety disorders, their course-both alone and when they occur along with other diseases such as depression-and their treatment. Like heart disease and diabetes, these virtuoso disorders are building complex and probably result from a combination of genetic, behavioral, developmental, and other factors. Much of the research of anxiety centers on the amygdale, an almond-shaped structure deep within the brain. The amygdale is believed to serve as a communications hub between the parts of the brain that process incoming sensory signals and the parts that interpret them. Other research focuses on the hippocampus, another brain structure that is responsible for processing threatening or traumatic stimuli. By learning more about brain circuitry involved in fear and anxiety, scientists may be able to devise new and more specific treatments for anxiety disorders. Researchers are attempting to learn how genetics and experience interact in each of the anxiety disorders-information they hope will yield clues to prevention and treatment.

othello review Essay -- essays research papers

Shakespeare has produced an incredibly large library of work, including 38 plays and countless sonnets. His plays are split into four main sections the Histories, the Tragedies, the Comedies, and the Romances. Othello falls under Tragedy, as it ends with the death of numerous characters, including the principals. Shakespeares work has been produced since the Renaissance in all artistic mediums from the original theater to opera, symphony, film, and ballet. It has withal been consistently revisited countless times by the same artistic medium because it is said to be timeless. Othellos main topics are love, murder, jealousy, miscommunication, chastity, history, and even magic. The play encompasses the classic elements of Shakespeares tragedies, displace in a bit of history and military strategy. It opens in Venice, a widely known city of artistic and military strength and moves to Cyprus, a olive-sized island in the Mediterranean. The majority of the play takes place in Cyprus, wh ere the typical Shakespearean motifs of miscommunication and vengeance for disloyalty are explored. Many of Shakespeares comedies and romances focus around this problem of communication amongst lovers and friends. Othello, however, takes this quandary to the tragic level, as he presents intricate plots of revenge and primitive murder on the basis of unfaithfulness.This play attacks many serious issues, often ignored during the times. The title character is a Moor, an outsider, someone differentiated b...

On Euthyphro: Notes by Sidney Fein :: Euthyphro

On Euthyphro Notes by Sidney Fein They say that, in his youth, Rabbi Israel studied eight hundred books of the Kabbalah. But the first time he saw the maggid of Mezritch face to face, he instantly knew that he knew nothing at all. I have on my desk one of my daughters college textbooks, the Mentor edition of capital Dialogues of Plato as translated by W. H. D. Rouse. It cost $4.95. It is a good book with helpful footnotes and a minimum of scholarly obstruction. The editor has include half a cardinal dialogues Ion, Meno, Symposium, Republic, Apology, Crito, and Phaedo. With a little bit of searching Ive dug out my old high school text of Plato, a $.35 Pocket Library edition of the Jowett translation, its edges sensationalistic as the molars of a lifelong Latakia smoker, its brittle pages as loose as if he never brushed. It includes Symposium, ample selections from Republic, and of course the indispensable threeact tragedy of Socrates trial and death. Plato, however, left-hand( a) us a fouract play, or at least three acts with a very curious prelude. The dialogue that both textbooks leave out is the short, hilarious, perplexing Euthyphro. In the edition I have in front of me this work is described as a conversation on the nature of piety, myopically in my opinion. Euthyphro is seldom included in introductory texts and so only rarely taught to undergraduates. When it is included in the curriculum Euthyphro is usually assigned in upperlevel courses where it is not discussed in connection with Socrates trial. Its aristocratical to see why Euthyphro gets dumped. Who wants to read a conversation on the definition of piety, especially one that fails to tell you what the definition of piety is? For that matter, who would want to teach such(prenominal) a thing? While Euthyphro has the pedagogical virtue of brevity (under 20 pages complete) it appears to be little more than a circular argument that ends in bafflement. Worse, though Socrates and his young interlocu tor are both facing capital cases and speak on the very porch of the King Archon, and though their topic is an undeniably lofty one, the tone up of the dialogue is barely serious. Here Socrates irony is transparently sarcastic and even the most sympathetic reader is bound to feel that he ought to pick on somebody his own size. There is no obvious connection between tying Euthyphro up in dialectic knots and the solemn proceedings to follow.

Cheaper by the Dozen :: Free Essay Writer

Cheaper by the Dozen Cheaper by the Dozen, based on a real-life story of the Gilbreth family, is a fantastic book. This hilarious comedy about a family with a dozen children kept me in stitches until the end This family, run like a well oiled machine, took me on Sunday rides through the country, battles in the family court, summers at the sea, Fathers theories on motion study, and the economic removal of the whole families tonsils. I loved it I disclose it truly amazing. Not only did the family boast twelve children, but they exclusively learned to speak foreign languages, touch typing, mental arithmetic, and even Morse Code- all because their father worked out dozens of ingenious ways to motivate them- although often it was quite reluctantly on their part. I had many laugh out loud-mouthed moments, and at times would have enjoyed being a part of this large and loving family, or perhaps raising one of my own in the aforementioned(prenominal) mannerimagine that It probably could never happen. I cant imagine living with twelve brothers and sisters and getting along Actually, I would not chew the fat it getting along I would call it survival, by jimgo The Gilbreth family of twelve red-haired, freckle-faced children parented by efficiency experts and pioneers in the field of motion study, Lillian and Frank, were a bit fiber and extremely funny. I can still remember one of the lines a child blurted out at the dinner table Please, we are NOT in the mood for an organ recital. This was the standard reprimand for belching in the family and never intended for public airing. I also enjoyed the part when one of the children said to a dinner guest, Is this of general interest? Although these twelve children were highly disciplined by their father, (mother, for the most part, would just agree with father) in a couple instances they were able to develop father off guard, like when the children would continually ask him Father can you touch type? No, he would reply, bu t I can teach it nobody was considered more of a sin than wasting valuable time, that is why the father, Frank quantify himself trying to go as fast as he come-at-able can with almost everything. Every movement of everyday must be functional. He timed himself buttoning his shirt to see which way was faster, top-bottom, or bottom-top. He timed himself shaving to see which way took longer, using to brushes to apply the shaving cream, or one.

Biomes of the earth Essay

A Biome is all of the life zones, all plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as the physical environment in a particular proposition argona. A biome is characterized by its plant life, which is determined by its location. For example, northern coniferous forests exist in sub-arctic portions of North America and Asia, but further north, the conditions atomic number 18 only when too harsh and the season too brief for trees to grow. Instead of trees, the short vegetation of the tundra thrives in these areas. The same occurs with altitude, as trees give way to short alpine vegetation in high mountainous regions.A biome is composed of many ecosystems, which are smaller communities of plants and animals and their habitats, the physical parts of their environment that affect them. Whereas, the boundaries of a biome are determined by climate, the boundaries of ecosystems are physical features, such as ridges or riverbanks, which separate one community from another. Any given place w hitethorn fork out several different ecosystems that vary in size and complexity. A tropic is discharge, for example, may have a rain forest ecosystem that covers hundreds of square miles, a mangrove swamp ecosystem along the coast, and an underwater coral reef ecosystem. No matter how the size or complexity of an ecosystem is characterized, all ecosystems exhibit a constant commute of matter and energy between the biotic and abiotic community.The ecosystems of a particular biome tend to have plants with similar growth forms and animals with similar feeding habits. Major biomes include tropical rain forest, northern coniferous forest, tundra, desert, grassland, savanna, and chaparral.The tropical rain forest is the al near complex biome in the world. This biome is found at humbled elevations in the tropics where it is continuously warm and wet. Rain forests are characterized by a dense tree canopy tree top branches and leaves that overlap with each other, creating a shaded fo rest interior. These canopies may reach up to 160 feet high. The thick canopy allows little sun sporting to penetrate, so rain forest floors have little ground cover. The soil lacks nutrients, and most plants are able to store what few nutrientsthey can absorb. There are more species of plants in rain forests than in any other ecosystem in the world. orphic within the clutter of dense foliage, individual species boast unique characteristics suited to their highly specialized existence. Middle-story plants, for example, often have large leaves to capture what little light filters through the canopy, while epiphytes have overlapping leaves that trap and store water.The northern coniferous forest, also known as the taiga in Russia, is found in a broad subarctic band across Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia, Russia, and China, where the winters are long and cold. Conifers, such as spruce, larch, and fir, are the dominant plants, but lichens and mosses are abundant too. These forests usually make full formerly glaciated regions and occur in association with lakes, bogs, and rivers.The tundra is the treeless plain that lies north of the northern coniferous forests and on the Antarctic Peninsula in the southern hemisphere. Trees cannot exit in this biome because of the cold temperatures, high winds, and heavy snowfall, as well as the permafrost, a layer of permanently frozen subsoil. Plant life tends to grow low to the ground. In the summer, large numbers of birds migrate to the tundra to feed on insects. Other animals found in this area include reindeer, wolves, fox, voles, and lemmings. A similar biome, called the alpine biome, is found in high mountain areas around the world. Similar harsh conditions cause vegetation to grow low to the ground in alpine meadows.Desert biomes are characterized by less than 10 inches of annual precipitation and high temperatures. To combat this lack of moisture, desert plants have developed water-conserving features, such as leaves that are light-colored, small, thick, or waxy. Animals that live in the desert are often light-colored, blend in well with their surroundings, and are usually more active at night to exclude the blazing heat during the day.Grassland biomes are found on every continent except Antarctica, accounting for about one quarter of the Earths land surface. Typically found on flat or rolling terrain, grasslands tend to occur in the interior of continentswhere precipitation is lower. Periodic droughts occur in most grasslands, accompanied by searing heat that scorches most vegetation in the area. Grasslands are covered with grasses, sedges, and other low-growing, perennial plants. Drought, fire, and grazing by herbivores, such as bison and deer, entrap tree growth. Most grasslands have been extensively cultivated and are now regions where major crops of wheat, corn, and other grains are grown. Temperate natural grasslands develop in regions characterized by an annual rainfall between 10 and 30 in ches.Tropical savannas are expansive grasslands dotted with trees. The worlds largest and best-known savanna is the African savanna, which covers more than of the continent south of the Sahara desert. In the African savanna, herds of animals graze on the tall grass, and giraffes browse on the trees. Other tropical savannas are found in southern America, India, and Australia.The chaparral biome is dominated by dense thickets of mostly small-leafed evergreen shrubs. It is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. This biome can be found in the foothills of calcium and Mediterranean climate regions. Chaparral plants have adapted to the frequent fires that result from lightning and dry conditions. The chaparral shrublands of California, with mixed communities of low-growing evergreen or deciduous shrubs, represent a manifest habitat in large parts of western North America. Some of the most well-developed chaparral shrubland is found in the foothills of the Sierra Nevad a and Coast Range mountains of California and in mountainous areas of Arizona and Utah.All of these biomes contain different animal species. However, all of these biomes have the same purpose in the world. That purpose is to support and puzzle life on our planet.

Macro Environment of Zara Essay

Zara is a very big clothing chain from Spain. The chain was founded in 1975 by Mr. Ortega, and it now has more than 1.000 descents in approximately 63 countries so it is a very big chain. However Zara has its biggest market in Spain, where they have 364 stores in total. They sell fashion clothes of a fairly good quality to reasonable prices this also means that they have a broad target group, which we believe to be from kids to adults younger than 50, both hands and women. Over the years Zara has expanded their product line heavily, so now they also sell accessories, cosmetics, furniture and perfumesZara is champion of the most famous and popular naughty street shops in the world. It is a brand from Spain and it belongs to the Inditex group. Inditex group consist of seven different clothing chains of which Zara is considered as a fast fashion brand which aims at low inventory rule just in time manufacturing delivery and sales, flexible structure, low inventory rules and quick response policy.(Castellano, 1993). The first Zara store opened in 1975 in Spain.On product manufacturing basis, Zara strategizes by manufacturing majority of their clothes in Spain and Portugal unlike many other top brands, which outsource them to Asian counties such as China and India. (Castellano, 2002) One of Zaras key marketing highlight has been in in zero advertising strategy, it instead markets its product by investing their percentage of revenues in opening new stores.. Zara is known to meet the customer demands and they are flexible in adjusting to the changing demands quickly. They are also uncertain when it comes to product design as it keeps changing once in four weeks. (The Economists, 2005)Executive SummaryThe main goal of this report is to analyze the environment how Zara wil be marketed and launched in India. Analysis shows that the main problem of the product is to in terms of making the target market know the existence of the product in the untaught and the comp etition of the current clothing lines available in the market. In order to solve such complexities, the solution is to implement strategic marketing approach in terms of advertisement and promotion to make the target market become aware of the existence of the product in the marketplace. In addition, strategic market prep can also be attributed as a better solution to ensure that the product will be introduced effectively. The only problem that is unsolved is to predominate a company that will commit to the distribution of the product. With this, it is suggested that the organization must be able to use a more effective market cooking and strategy which will enhance the market value of the product.This paper examines the case of the Spanish clothing retailer Zaras experience of and plans for further expansion into one of the fastest emerging markets in the world, India. It argues that minded(p) the unique distribution and production functions of the retailer that possible proble ms exist for continued expansion in the US market. The problems associated with this given the characteristics of local markets and pressures from rival operators means that a recommendation is made for an adjusted international strategy for the company despite its broad successes elsewhere globally. cosmos globalisation has become an essential element of international marketing principles and it has been argued that one of the keys to success in global markets is the effective development and marketing of standardised products and brands (Douglas & Wind, 1987). Jay (2000) suggests that the development ofIntroductionThe introduction of new technologies and globalisation has permitted consumers to have vast access to fashion and as a result, consumers are getting more sophisticated and demanding and competition among companies became more intense as every company strive to outdo each other to meet consumers demands. Zara is one of the example companies that had successfully managed to track the international fashion industry and carve its name in the fashion industry. Zara fashion chain was originally founded in the town of Arteixo in the year 1975 by Amancio Ortega. Zara had helped its parent company, the Spanish firm Inditex, to grow from anonymity and positioned itself as the world thirds biggest fashion retailer, overtaking the US-based Gap Inc and Swedish clothing company, H&M with excellent financial performance ahead of these two rival companies.After its first store in A Coruna, Spain, proved to be a hit, this giant clothing company intend to seek for more chain stores to be opened abroad and eventually, started their first international expansion in the 1980 by Porto, Portugal. Since then, Zara chains have grown into retailing giants and until today, the company have almost 1000 stores worldwide. Being different and special from other apparel retailers, Zara is a vertically integrated retailer where it plays an important role in controlling the supp ly-chain, manufacturing, designing, and distribution of its products. According to Mazaira (2003), the companys structure is consumer oriented and satisfactions of consumer are heavily emphasized. The execution by Zara was described by Louis Vutton Fashion Director as possibly the most innovative and distressing retailer in the world. According to an origin from an article, the company had also been described as a Spanish success story (CNN, 2001). 2.0 Zaras Strategic Analysis

Corporate Governance Exam Paper

Games Directors play While analysing the Reality of bestrideroom we say many games and t presentics often diligent by acquireors so that they dont lose power. Some such games were alliance, coalition, lobbying, sc atomic number 18mongering, log rolling etc. Here also majority of BOD were rough and dear matchlesss of Bright so everybody chose to stay quiet about what is going on. Under-reserving Like we say in the HLL case under-reserving is a tactic used by firms but in the long run it cant stop companies from collapsing. Role of independent directors The question Are independent directors really independent has been topic of confer for ages.In the case the role played by independent directors is insignificant. Also it is questionable whether independent directors were present and in the number advised by law or not. Audit Committee The case talks about KPMG and the arguable role it played but what about the audit committee, was it existent, if so how was it functioning. Its c omposition and leadership involve attention. Manipulation Most of the cases of accounting frauds, falsifying records, deceiving shareholders and bankruptcy rest upon the manipulation of the balance sheet and the tactics used to fudge the data.Ex Enron The company needs to run through inspiration from firms like GSK, Infy, and tata which serve as examples of good CG. GSK * Chairman of placard is independent director on with 5 others in in board. Transparency is de terminal figureine Infosys * Creating wealth legally and ethically Tata * One of the giants and still fascinating politics * In sync with the values * Very elaborate code of conduct Board composition and structure One of the major flaw ways in the board structure is everyone was quiet about the rising storm dominated by power and status of Bright.There should be some independent directors with ability to question the acts and deeds and the following structures are recommended. European Two Tier model Shareholders supe rvisory board Executive board Management Employees and staff The supervisory board overlooks functions of executive board and can question and alter the function This model is preferred over unitary board. Chinese model Here we see the presence of the state as a whole also takes society into account along with shareholders Board Leadership One of the major causes of the downfall was the role played by Bright.He was forceful and rigid and thus not a true leader. The features desired for a leader are Integrity The ability to differentiate between right and wrong and govern in a manner that it is morally coiffe and sustainable Independence The board was like a dummy/puppet with no or very less degree of independence Intellect The creative thinking must not come out in form of manipulation and fraud but the betterment of the firm Character He must be ethical and strong character Personality A leader must be flexible and open to new ideas and suggestions. The personality is the holist ic perspective.Communication skills, good listener, bonus etc. Board level information Desired CG was not in place and there was no clear information pathway. The board did not find out or authenticate the actions. Control systems The case clearly shows violation of many acts and laws. The board was not conforming to the supervisory work. The ascendancy system was not in place. Auditors at fault In cases like Enron and worldcom it has been seen that the external auditors are able to flee away leaving the company in distress. Usually there are tie ups between management and auditors, some internal settlement that leads to uch actions. Role of internal audit committee is arguable. The company should have gone to auditors like Delloitte who are reliable and tested. Risks that should be considered Financial risk. Operational, compliance, Business Four aspects of CG Internal control, risk management, behavioural governance, independence Sarbax oxley act This is one of the landmark ac ts that came in 2002 after Enron and Worldcomm It says pitiful and civil penalties for compliances and accounting frauds, certificate for internal audits and annual report is to submitted by all public and private listed companies.Also introduce PCAOBA (Public company accounting oversight board of America) Was criticized for high cost of compliance CG is a process by which companies are directed and controlled Many attempts have been made to define CG and this one by Cadbury is one of the most comprehensive . Cadburys definition Corporate governance is the system by which companies are directed and controlled. The boards of directors are responsible for the governance of their companies. The shareholders role in governance is to appoint the directors and the auditors to satisfy themselves that an appropriate governance structure is in place.The responsibilities of the board include setting the companys strategic aims, providing the leadership to put them into effect, supervising t he management of the business and reporting to shareholders on their stewardship. The boards actions are subject to laws, regulations and the shareholders in general pick uping. Mike and minnow Corporate regime is a process of governing and directing the performance of any company and the major actors involved are directors, management, society and shareholders CG is basically to overlook, monitor, control and direct the functioning of the management.For this we have BOD and the code of conduct. Some acts, laws and norms facilitate this process of governance. Scope from least to highest Society Media and Press Shareholders Regulatory bodies Contractual Stakeholders Auditors Governance and Management (Diagram) As it is clear that the scope of CG is very wide. It is crucial that CG is acceptable and answerable to many. Functions of the board Majorly there are four functions of the board depending upon the conformity to other(prenominal) or existing and the performance expected for future.The four functions are accountability, strategy formulation, supervising and monitor and policy making Matrix The accountability along with monitoring and supervising is the conformance part i. e. to past or existing situation. The policy making and strategy formulation comes under the performance part with focus on future value. Usually it is seen that independent directors are forced to conformance because they only understand what is going on. Strategic Formulation * This is the most crucial step of governance There must be shared view according to which governance and management abide * It involves SWOT, PEST, Porter analysis and asking of crucial questions of long term strategic importance * It is important to have helicopter vision balanced of long and short term * San Tzu Think the mind alike of your enemy form _or_ system of government making * This comes from the strategic formulation * Policies are rules, regulation and procedures that must be followed and abided Supervision & monitoring This is the conformance part to prepare that everything is happening as per the policies and rules or not Accountability * Accountability is to have right system wherein respective people are accountable for any error or aberration * lonesome(prenominal) the top management is not accountable but usually is held responsible. Normative How board thinks directors should spend their time How directors actually do spend their time copulation between functions Strategy formulation Policy making supervision and monitoring Accountability Roles Agents and Stewards Agency theoryPrincipal shareholders contract with agents seek self interest It says that it is not possible that agents take care of other money with as much vigilance of vow. They seek personal interest and detrimental effect on shareholders Stewardship theory Owners chose and cull stewards(directors) who play the role of stewards Contrary to agency theory it says owners vest their trust in directors who act as stewards of shareholders money. Along with the board the following roles are performed by the director Managing the board Managing the meeting Strategic leadership Cooperation between board and management Companys face to publicBy means of all these functions and roles the board makes an feat towards fair and equitable distribution of profit, ethical governance of firm and deters any unethical behaviour It lays clear rules, norms, laws and code of conduct to facilitate governance maxwell communication 1991 Risky acquisition using pension funds leading to bankruptcy Bank of credit and commerce international Cadbury report 1992 best practices suggested How to go for it? For a company to enter in stockmarket it has to that it follows Cadbury suggestions Corporate governance is directly related to market valuation of a company.Better managed companies are valued more. Enron failure 2001 untimely accounting policies creation of special purpose entities to conceal losses excessive executive compensation Worldcom 2002 The BOD did not oppose the ambitious investment of Worldcom in fiber optic cables and infrastructure to become a market leader (a short term goal). This led to huge losses when the boom for dot com ended. Measures to check such scenarios * Make BOD accountable to stakeholders * Make changes in structure * Clearly explain the responsibilities of Board Make them active board in swelled a leadership to the company * Make the BOD to meet more frequently listed company at least 4 times a yr * Lay down an agenda about what must be discussed Placing constraints, checks on management power including the CEO Eg SKF micro finance CEO was sacked as he is no good There should be separation of position of chairman and CEO Ensuring a sound system of internal control and proper disclosure of financial information and executive compensation Auditors are continuing from 20 years Approaches to strengthen the CG 002 there was a proposal to change companies act 1956 2012 the bill was proposed in loksabha Very lengthy process to make a law But then one law for all companies reduces flexibility In 1998 CII appointed a committee under Rahul bajaj to create guidelines for cg which is only voluntary. Only 0. 1% adopted them. Voluntary Purely legal approach Cg code statute a set of practices, guidelines which are expected to be followed by the companies 2 approaches for cg code 1) Principle based lay down broad principles comply or explain principles link it with listing.Make the companies which are not adopting explain why they are not adopting 2) Rule based approach comply or get prosecuted in extreme cases companies are delisted. But then the shareholders are effected. Rule based approach is rigidity. The companies will try to outsmart the rules if they are rigid. Eg BJP chief Nitin Gadkari driver was shown as a director in a company. The directors get huge money for just attending 4 meetings, so they agree with whatever th e companies say to gather in easy money or else they would be removed from the board.CG in India * The issue of CG has come up mainly in the wake up economic reforms characterized by liberalization, privitization and globalization. * The way foreign investments is CG * The last point in previous year * SEBI committee on CG headed by SHri Kumara Mangalam Birla submitted its report in Feb 2000 * Clause 49 in listing agreement with stock exchanges made it mandatory for companies to follow recommendations by Kumara M B committee * Then Naresh Chandra committee is appointed by the .. Indian Code Inspired by Cadbury code, 1992 * CII code 1998 (voluntary compliance could not make much difference) Implementation 2005 all the companies above 3 crore revenues Audit committee * As an interface between the board and auditors atleast 3 members (NED) majority of independent directors * Looks after all the activities related to auditors i. e. appointment of reappointement of auditors * Reviewin g of internal reports * Audit committee must meet 4 times a year * Gap should not be more than 4 months Disclosures Management discussions and analysis report * Related party legal proceeding * Remuneration to NEDs Clause 49 Case of satyam First biggest and most shocking scam involving . Modus operandi of the scam * Super user login to some employees * Entering fake invoices * hike up revenues and profits * Falsified bank statements * Falsified interest income Role of board in satyams case Overlooking the reports The board said ok to all proposals by raju to direct funds to acquire lands in hyd Directors had a salary of rs 12 lakh annually

Pythagoras

Pythagoras must have been one of the worlds greatest men. However, he wrote nothing and it is unknown how a good deal of the doctrine of Pythagoras is due to the founder of society and how much is later development. Sometimes he is represented as a man of science, a mathematician, and even as a preacher of mystical doctrines. None of these traditional views, however, should be rejected, for he contributed his genius in each field. Pythagoras lived from about 569 BC to about 475 BC. His father was Mnesarchus, a merchant from Tyre his mother was Pythais, a native of Samos.Pythagoras spent most of his early years in Samos but traveled with his father. He was taught by the Chaldeans and the knowledgeable men of Syria. Among his teachers, there were three philosophers who influenced Pythagoras while he was a young man, Pherekydes, Thales, and Aleximander. They influenced Pythagoras interest in geometry and cosmology, encouraging him to pursue his studies in Egypt. In 535 BC, Pythagoras went to Egypt where he visited more temples and took part in many discussions with priests. Then, after his journeys to Samos and Crete, Pythagoras founded a philosophical and religious school in Crotona.He was the head of the society with an inner circle of pursuit known as mathematikoi. Pythagoras influenced a group of early Greek scientific and religious thinkers, the Pythagoreans. They believed that the soul was immortal and separable from the body. Because they believed that the soul was reincarnated in different living organism bodies, they practiced vegetarianism. The group was almost cult-like in that it had symbols, rituals and prayers. In addition, Pythagoras believed that Number rules the universe, and the Pythagoreans gave numerical values to many objects and ideas.These numerical values, in turn, were stopowed with mystical and spiritual qualities. The Pythagoreans ascertained irrational numbers. If an isosceles right triangle is taken with legs of measure 1, the hy potenuse will measure square root of 2. However, because this number cannot be expressed as a length that can be measured with a ruler divided into fractional parts, it deeply disturbed the Pythagoreans who believed that All is number. They called these numbers alogon, which means unutterable. So floor were the Pythagoreans by these numbers that they put to death a member who dared to mention their existence to the public. There are a couple of theorems attributed to Pythagoras or rather, more generally, to the Pythagoras. I. The fit of the angles of a triangle is equal to two right angles. II. For a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides. In antediluvian times, the Egyptians used their knowledge of the Pythagorean Theorem to construct right angles. They knotted ropes with units of 3, 4, and 5 knot spaces.Then, using the three ropes, they stretched them and formed a triangle. They knew the triangle would alwa ys end up having a right angle opposite the longest side (32+42=52). Pythagoras and his followers also constructed figures of a given area and the five prescribed solids. In astronomy, Pythagoras taught the Earth was a sphere at the center of the universe. He recognized that the orbit of the moon was inclined to the equator of the Earth and, he was one of the foremost to realize that Venus as an evening star was the same planet as Venus as a morning star.Finally, Pythagoras went to Delos in 513 BC to apply his old teacher Pherekydes who was dying. He remained there for a few months until the death of his friend and teacher and then returned to Crotona. In 510 BC Crotona violateed and defeated its neighbor Sybaris and became multiform in the dispute. Then in around 508 BC the Pythagorean Society at Crotona was attacked by Cylon, a noble from Crotona itself. Pythagoras escaped to Metapontium and died there, some claiming that he act suicide because of the attack on his Society.I amblichus quotes one version of events Cylon, a Crotoniate and leading citizen by birth, fame and riches, but otherwise a difficult, violent, disturbing and tyrannically disposed man, eagerly in demand(p) to participate in the Pythagorean way of life. He approached Pythagoras, then an old man, but was rejected because of the character defects just described. When this happened, Cylon and his friends vowed to make a strong attack on Pythagoras and his followers. Thus, a powerfully aggressive zeal activated Cylon and his followers to persecute the Pythagoreans to the very last man.Because of this Pythagoras left for Metapontium and there is said to have stop his days. The evidence is unclear as to when and where the death of Pythagoras occurred. Certainly, the Pythagorean Society expanded rapidly after 500 BC, became political in nature and also spilt into a number of factions. In 460 BC the Societywas violently suppressed. Its meeting houses were everywhere sacked and burned mentio n is made in particular of the house of Milo in Crotona, where 50 or 60 Pythagoreans were surprised and slain. Those who survived took refuge at Thebes and other places

Of Mice and Men Essay

Two Itinerant migrant hiters, George Milton and Lennie Smalls, are best friends, they have a unique birth, almost one of father and son contradictory to two adults, George looks after and cares for Lennie due to his circumscribed metal abilities, which is often getting them into trouble, hence the reason they were chased out of town from their previous employment, They find work in a spread in Northern California where they hope to save enough money to settle down and own a second of land to attain the Ameri notify Dream, which suggests that America is the land of prosperity and opportunity but as easy as dreams are made these dreams can also be easily shattered. At the ranch the atmosphere appears to be dangerous, when they are confronted with the bosses son Curley whom takes an instant disliking to Lennie, as he knows inferior to larger men, Curleys Wife also opposes a problem, as she is very flirtatious.As they begin to settle in the ranch, their dream begin to take shape, when two other ranch hands are enticed and would like to be a part of it, the pair are overwhelmed that their dream is slowly turning into a reality. But the story turns when Lennie is left(p) alone, and his love to stroke things ends up with him killing Curleys Wife, the story then takes an emotional twist, when George is then faced with the dilemma to take his friends life, to save him from the lynch anchor ring sent by Curley. Setting In the opening of the book during the low two pages it describes the cool peaceful surrounding of Northern California, hillside bank runs deep and park (pg18) this portrays the beautiful surrounding which is the disturbed by the arrival of two characters.The writer, John Steinbeck shows this by rabbits hurried noiselessly for cover (pg19) suggests the arrival of these two characters has disturbed the tranquil setting this gives the lector the message that these characters bring trouble. At the end of the book, when both characters George and L ennie are sitting by the river bank, Steinbeck gives the reader the sense of panic by the quotations he uses, as Curleys mob draw nearer, the writer first describes the atmosphere as Shadow in the valley, blue and soft(pg 144), this suggests that there is a ease before the storm. As more time passes the atmosphere around these two characters gets intense, evening breeze blew over the clearing, (pg 145), the atmosphere is changing around them, Steinbeck is creating a build up, causing a suspense that something is going to happen.When George shoots Lennie the atmosphere then is set forth as the brush seemed filled with cries, (pg 148) which symbolizes the loss of George, As this is such a great loss for him, losing his best friend, shows the love of their friendship was so strong that George could not let Lennie, die at the hands of Curleys mob, You get the feel of their friendship, when both men are having a conversation about the dream, before Lennie is shot, For the rabbit George ,(pg146), this suggests that George put Lennie is a false sense of security, so that he was in a happy place before he died, this shows how strong their friendship is. Characters George and Lennie George and Lennie are the two main characters, George is described as a small agile but uneducated man, George is ambitious who has big dreams in life. Lennie is a large man of statue with great strength and a big heart but his limited mental abilities, means he relies on George for his survival, he is a calm character and like a child he likes to hear stories from George, he doesnt understand the consequences of his strength, resulting with him often getting the pair in serious trouble.George and Lennie have a unique relationship, you get a contrast of the love hate relationship between the two, There are quotes in the book where George suggests that he could get along better without Lennie, I could get along easy and so polished if I didnt have you on my tail(pg24), this suggests that George feels that Lennie holds him back in life, but then in another quote when George is speaking to another character, he becomes defensive this shows that he cares about what people think of Lennie whats funny about it and He aint no cuckoo(pg67) , this shows the contrast that on the one hand George believes Lennie slows him down in life, but then he feels that he has to care and protect Lennie.Narrative There is the use of slang and non normal English throughout the book, the dialect used, is that of the slang used by an Itinerant workers at that time, this is effective because it helps to add to the realism of the story and creates a strong daze upon the readers. In book the narrative changes from third person to first person requently this is effective because you get both views and makes the story seem more believable and for the reader to sympathize with the characters. The use of figurative language in Of Mice and Men creates the atmosphere of reality.In the beginning of the book the Narrative is in third person style, Lennie is described as Sloping shoulders(pg19) And George is described as Strong features,(pg19) this is effective because, it makes the reader visualize what these characters look like, instead of having a bias view from a first person account. The first person accounts are effective because, In a first person account you can believe the passion of that person for face Hes dumb as hell, (pg 65) this is more genuine as it makes the reader believe what the characters views are.

Los Angeles Riots – Speculating About Causes

May 14, 2012 Born of Neglect The Los Angeles Riots It was the city that failedIt was practice of law management, past and present, that has failed. This has to be taken into account to reflect a just and exquisite sentenceThere simply has to be some allowance for the official negligence of the city which allowed this to take place and which will take place again (qtd. in Cannon 3) On April 29, 1992, the day the verdict in the Rodney King tribulation was read, I was seventeen years old. Standing in the living room, I watched the bracings with my parents as they waited for the verdict.When the four not guilty verdicts were announced, I asked my parents why the police were found not guilty if they were caught on tape, that didnt seem fair. My mum answered, No one ever said life is fair. This was news to me however the people of Los Angeles had learned this lesson the hard way. The people of L. A. and the justice system have had a long and rocky relationship. There have been thre e major riots in L. A. since 1942, and coincidentally or not, each has a direct correlation with racial submit of the judicial system.While there is good cause to question whether mob mentality took over and created the riots themselves, the circumstances that created the perfect atmosphere for violence cannot be discounted. The Zoot Suit Riots of 1942 mixed the predominately Mexican young of central L. A. and the predominately white servicemen that had been stationed there. Tension between the two had been building, partly due to the servicemens rowdy behavior and perceived disrespect to the Mexican community, and partly due to the Mexican youths territorialism and pride.Due to the current war cartridge clip state of the country however, the media and most citizens gave favor to the servicemen, and portrayed the Mexican Zoot Suitors as gangsters and troublemakers. When Jose Diaz was discovered murdered, the media and police were quick to label it a gang killing. The subsequent ar rests and trial were such a charade of justice that all of the convictions were later overturned. However, the resentment the Mexican youth had for being treated so unfairly simmered, and created the tinderbox that ignited the Zoot Suit Riots. In 1965 the L. A. P. D. ulled over Marquette Frye, a young black man suspected of drunk driving. Frye was new to L. A. , and did not realize the seriousness of the police in L. A. He attempted to joke with the officers, and being close to his home, Fryes mother arrived on the scene and began to invoke Frye for getting into trouble. At this time a crowd had begun to form, and look on as the police used their batons to subdue Frye, his mother, and his cousin with excessive force. The crowd began throwing things at the police, and the rumblings of what became the worst riot in Los Angeless history began.Unlike the previous riots, The Los Angeles Riot of 1992 started abruptly. Still, there was a general distrust between the L. A. P. D and the peo ple of Los Angeles, and umpteen complaints of police brutality were ignored. In March of 1991 a fifteen year old girl named Latasha Harlins walked into a Korean-owned store to buy some juice. She had her money in her hand, but put the juice into her backpack before she paid. The store owner, Soon Ja Du, perceived Latasha to be stealing, and grabbed her arm. Latasha struck Soon Ja Du and knocked her down.She threw the juice on the counter, and turned to head the store. Soon Ja Du pulled out a gun and shot Latasha in the back of the head as she was leaving, and instantly killed her. The community went into an uproar, and racial tension was stronger than ever. Soon Ja Du went to trial and was convicted of voluntary manslaughter, and her recommended sentence was sixteen years. When she went before the judge for sentencing however, the judge assigned her five years probation, 400 hours community service, and a $500 fine.During this same time period, a black man named Rodney King was pu lled over after leading the police on a high speed chase, and brutally beaten by five white police officers. The police were unknowingly being videotaped, and the tape was released to the public. The trial of the officers involved was followed by the entire country, and the conviction of the officers seemed a sure thing. When a white jury returned four not guilty verdicts to an already tense city, it had the effect of setting a match to a fuse. The verdicts were announced at 315pm 45 minutes later a flash mob formed at the intersection of Florence and Normandie.The group of people, angry and betrayed, began throwing bricks, shouting, and breaking windows. When the police arrived, they did not recall for back-up to control the situation immediately, and instead retreated. The police formed barricades around the city, effectively protecting the upscale neighborhoods surrounding the city, as well as trapping anyone who efficiency have wanted to escape. Around this time the line betwe en righteous anger and mob mentality may have become blurred. In the all-inclusive scale riot that ensued, building were looted and burned down, pedestrians were brutalized, and some were killed.One of the most remembered events of the riots was the live broadcast of Reginald Denny being dragged from the cab of his truck, knocked down, and being beaten with a blow extinguisher, hammer, and brick. In retrospect many people considered this a hate crime, because Denny was white. However, some people consider this merely a crime of opportunity, with Denny simply being in the wrong place at the wrong time. Duncan, Hugh Dalziel. Introduction. Permanence and Change An Anatomy of Purpose. By Kenneth Burke. 1935. 3rd ed. Berkeley U of California P, 1984. xiii-xliv. Print.

Mattel Toy Recall Essay

1. What are the main issues involved in the case?Mattel had five recalls in 2007 involving over 21 million toys. The problems were related to lead paint and poorly designed magnets. Most of the toys were made in China, which caused them to apparent motion the reliability of the Chinese manufacturers. At first, Mattel tried to identify all the blame on the Chinese manufacturers as a denial tactic. They also claimed the media and government overly magnified the crisis. Mattel also failed to notify the CPSC of the defects within the sequence limit of 24 hours. It took them nearly a month and a half to notify the CPSC. Even though the recalls were in 2007, there were incidents/injuries reported in 2003 with children needing surgery because of the toy defects. One death was recorded.2. Identify the major(ip) stakeholders and state how the issues in the case affect each stakeholder. Competitors Because Mattel is such a large and trusted guild that outsources, customers were nervous to trust other companies that outsourced. Who was to say they did not subscribe to the equivalent issues as Mattel?Investors Stocks dropped and investors lost money. They cease up suing based on allegations of failure to disclose recalls in a timely manner, and failure to excite proper protocols to avoid recalls. Customers Many children were injured and required surgery, and one child even died. Parents lost trustingness in Mattel and created lawsuits against them. Employees Because of the accusations on the Chinese manufacturers, job security in China all but diminished. assembly line security and pay decreased in America too because of the fines from the CPSC, and the cost of the recalls.3. How could this case be viewed from an honest perspective? It was Mattels job to report the incident in a specific time limit, which they failed to do. They could have warned parents approximately a month and a half earlier, possibly saving children from painful injuries and surgeries. Matte l also put the blame on the Chinese and did not own up to their own mistakes.4. What final conclusions or recommendations would you root for? Immediately tackle any issues or problems that arise to avoid a larger fiasco. Implement high standards and checks to ensure the safety of the products. Follow all government statues and be sure that the outsource countries have the same or similar regulations and priorities that we hold.

Aspects of Literary History: Spring and Summer Terms 2008 Essay

Welcome to the Aspects of literary autobiography manikin. This is an de guideationined be given with a number of separate but interwoven strands1) The flux depart introduce you to round of the key concepts of literary annals.2) The course bequeath enact literary history by examining the history of a particular mode of writing from its Greek origins through the seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, twenty and twenty-first centuries. You allow for be asked to cipher in stipulations of unique(predicate) literary historic periods.3) The course allow for make you more beaten(prenominal) with the interpret and interpreting of poetry, with particular attention to improving your skills in close reading.4) The course volition turn out hoidenish poetry from its origins in the Greek Idylls, its dissemination through Roman models and its diversification into many forms the elegy, the uncouth ho use numbers, the cheat lyric, the verse of reflection, the philosophical poem, the nature poem and the satire.5) The course will focal point diachronicly on the pastoral not simply because it provides the originating mode for these diverse forms but because it is the product of a specific political and social subtlety an elite form produced originally in a slave culture (Greek) and disseminated through another slave culture (Roman). This will give you the basis for thinking about the historical contextualization of the pastoral as a form.6) How use up posterior English poets from the seventeenth ascorbic acid onwards make use of the political and social entailments of the pastoral form? How have they expanded it by the introduction of a Christian content? How have Ameri hind end poets made use of the form in response to the resolution of the impudently World, a process seen by many (at the time and subsequently) through the means of the pastoral?7) The summary of pastoral will enable you to undertake the intimately subtle constitutional literary historical analysis, the most ambitious and the most ranging extrinsic literary historical analysis and the most effective combination of intrinsic and extrinsic modes.The Aspects of literary History course will be taught by spoken communication and seminar in the backfire term and the summer term. You will use the Aspects of literary History course endorser for preparation and for seminar sermon. The poems for discussion in the call downs and in the seminars are all printed in the course reviewer and the course supplement. The lectures for the course will be held in Chichester Lecture Theatre on Mondays 12-1. The seminars for the course will take place later in the week. gratify check the timetable for your individual tutor and for the time of your seminar.There are four junior-grade texts we would similarly like you to read during this course Paul Alpers What Is idyll?, Raymond Williams The Country and the metropolis, Jonathan Bates The shout of the Earth and Chris Fitter s Poetry, Space, Landscape. There are multiple copies of these in short loan and you should be able to read these during the vacation and during the source and summer terms. You can borrow short loan books all over the vacation and renew on-line.Essential encourageary material is available in the leave Collection or in the Artsfac part of the Reserve Collection. Ask at the Reserve Collection Counter this material is stored under the discern of the course convenor, Alistair Davies.The seminar strand will support the lecture series by ensuring that you have grasped the literary historical topic of the week (definitions and information are set out in the reader).But it will run for principally a) to improve your confidence and skill in reading poetry and b) to encourage you if you wish to explore your deliver creative response in poetry to the themes and topics of the course. We hope that you will become more proficient, more originative and more self-assured readers of poetry .Your preserve course work will be two 1000 term course work essays 20% each. We are hoping to encourage you to be concise, focused and lucid in your writing. You will have the opportunity, if you wish, to submit matchless piece of creative writing out of two pieces of written work for the course. breast upon to check your written work against the criteria set out in the Feedback and How to Make Use of It document you were devoted last term.To underline the importance we attach to your creativity, we draw your attention to details of the Stanmer Prize on foliate 4 of the course reader. You can read the poems produced by previous winners on the English web-site.The course will also be examined by an unseen in the summer term 60%. You will be compulsory to comment closely on three poems or passages of poems in ways that reflect upon the literary historical topics covered in the course. You can consult past examination papers through the Sussex web-site.You will muster below a detailed plan of the course. You will be able to see how lectures prepare you for seminars in each week and you will be able to plan your work for the course from the gravelning to the finis of the course. We hope that you will mark this course informative and enjoyable. If you have any queries, do not flitter to contact your course tutor or the course convenor, Dr Alistair Davies H.A.Daviessussex.ac.ukThe course will be taught in the following(a) order the order in which it is set out in the course readerhebdomad 1 musical genre and ConventionsThe first lecture by professor Norman Vance will focus on Miltons Lycidas and promised land Lost and will explore Miltons use of classical genre(s) and conventions. Prepare for the lecture by reading the Genre and Conventions, The Origins of the Pastoral and the Pastoral Elegy sections of the course reader and the section of the Aspects Course Supplement. week 1 Norman Vance Pastoral Genre and Convention Miltons Lycidas and Paradise LostIn your first seminar, you will focus on two poems Herricks To Daffodils (p.33) and Elizabeth Bishops North Haven (p.5). What are the generic constituents of Herricks poem? What makes Bishops poem a) a pastoral elegy and b) how does it differ as a new pastoral elegy from Miltons Renaissance pastoral elegy? Paul Alpers study of pastoral cited in the course reader will be helpful here. You may wish to read Alpers discussion of Lycidas in What is Pastoral there are copies of this in reserve and in short loan copies too in Artsfac. We begin with pastoral and we will focus on pastoral but one presupposition we will explore in the course is that the pastoral idyll provides the matrix out of which the elegy, the love poem, the poem of philosophical reflection, the subjective lyric, the love poem, the satire and the nature poem are developed within the western and within the English tradition.Week 2 Intertextuality.The second lecture will be given by Professor Andrew Hadfield and will focus on Jonsons To Penshurst. Prepare for the lecture by re-reading Virgils first eclogue and Horaces second epode in the course reader. You will find To Penshurst in the course reader (pp.29-31). Read the Intertextuality section of the course reader, pp.26-32.Week 2 Andrew Hadfield Intertextuality Ben Jonsons To Penshurst and the Country-House PoemFor your seminar, read Yeats Coole Park, 1929 and Walcotts Ruins of a Great House in the course reader (pp.31-32). How does Yeats bring up to Jonson how does Walcott relate to Yeats (who was an important early influence)? What does it tell us about history and about the history of literature that a poet of the English renaissance, an Irish poet of the 1920s and a Caribbean poet of post-war period should use a form established by Roman poets in the first snow BC. What are the think between pastoral, the country-house poem and empire?Week 3/ Literature and Social ChangeThe third lecture of the term will be given by Dr Sophie Thomas on the topic of the eighteenth century luck poem.Week 3 Dr Sophie Thomas Politics, Poetics and LandscapeFor this lecture, Sophie Thomas will explore the changing modes of the prospect poem in works by Pope, Gray, Cowper and Smith printed in the course reader (pp.36-45) and Wordsworths Tintern Abbey printed on pages 47-48. Please read the section Literature and Social Change, pp.33-48 of the course reader.In her lecture, Sophie Thomas will explore the so-called prospect poem, raising questions about the class and the gender position of the viewer and about the distinguishable ways in which nature is re-presented. Will you please read carefully Grays Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College.In your seminar, your tutor will either focus on one or more of the poems by Gray, Cowper and Smith in the reader. How important is it to take into account the gender of the poets discussed? Does a female writer have a different sense of the possession of a ornament to a male writer?Week 4 Lit erature and Social ChangeThe fourth lecture of the term will be given by Dr Sophie Thomas. Please prepare by reading the poems by Wordsworth and Coleridge in the course reader, pp. 45-48.Week 4 Dr Sophie Thomas The Landscape of the Imagination Wordsworth and ColeridgeIn your seminar, you will read Wordsworths Tintern Abbey (p.47). How does the tradition of the pastoral poem enable the poet to write here a poem of psychology, a poem of philosophical reflection and a poem of consanguinity remember it is addressed to the poets sister. Even though it is written for us in heightened diction, this was written as an example of a form Coleridge and Wordsworth admired, the so-called conversational poem. Of course, The Prelude is one, genuinely long conversational poem.Week 5 Research BreakWeek 5 will be a research break for your seminar (this will allow you to catch up with your reading and your writing). You will write your first assignment.Your first written assignment will be due in wee k 6 check on Sussex Direct one 1000 word essay 1) a reading of either a) Jonson b) Bishop c) Yeats or d) Walcott in the brightness level of questions of genre, convention and intertextuality or 2) a reading of the prospect poem, with reference to Gray, Cowper, Smith or Wordsworth) or, if you wish, 3) you may write an account of George Herberts Life and Andrew Marvells The Garden in the supplement in relationship to ideas of melancholy and of loss, pp. 6-7. The poetry of the English renaissance provides the models from which the English poets of the romanticist period develop the religious, philosophical and psychological preoccupations of their verse.Your seminar tutor will set you specific titles for this assignment.Week 6 Literary History and Periodisation (pp.37-40)The fifth lecture will be given by Dr Alistair Davies on Goldsmiths The creaky Village pp.53-58 of course reader). Please read this poem closely before the lecture.Week 6 Dr Alistair Davies Goldsmiths The Deserted Village Literary History and Periodisation.To prepare for the topic for week 6, read the section on Literary History and Periodisation (pp. 49-58) in the course-reader and the section on Literary History and Periodisation in the course supplement.The lecture will set the poem in the context of the construction of an eighteenth century landscaped estate and house. The University of Sussex is construct in the eighteenth-century country-park of Stanmer House. Please take a stroll around this park (or its remnants) and have a look at the Palladian-style Stanmer House (see final page of course reader).In your seminar, you will discuss the Virgilian and Horatian intertexts of The Deserted Village, relate the poem to questions of globalisation and migration, and explore the links between Goldsmiths poem and the English landscape and pictorial tradition of the eighteenth century represented by Gainsboroughs painting in the course reader and on its back cover.Please also read the account of Michael McKeons article The Pastoral Revolution cited in the course reader. There is a brief prcis in the course reader but you should make every effort to read the whole of this important article in Kevin Sharpe and Steven N.Zwicker (eds) Refiguring Revolutions.You would also benefit, if you have not yet done so, from reading the recommended chapters in Raymond Williamss indispensable The Country and the City there are many copies of this in reserve and in short loan and Jonathan Bates The Song of the Earth.Week 7. Literary History Politics and the Subject of modernnessThe sixth lecture of the course will be given by Dr Alistair Davies on The Prelude.Week 7 Dr Alistair Davies Wordsworths The Prelude Politics and the Subject of ModernityFor your preparation, please re-read The 1805 Prelude, with particular reference to Books 1, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13. For the seminar, we urgency you to read A.R.Ammonss Corsons Inlet (pp. 77-8). In what ways can you read Ammonss poem as a post-Romant ic rejoinder to Tintern Abbey? In what way is twentieth century American poetry, as we find it instanced in Ammons poem, a critique of the English Romantic tradition and of the American nineteenth century transcendental tradition it helped to shape? Remember that Wordsworth is a fundamental precursor numeral for the modern American lyric poet as he is for the modern English lyric poet. Remember too that the pastoral is a fundamental form in American self-identification in the founding and settling of the New World. Sylvia Plaths has written wonderful and little known sonnet Mayflower on this topic, which you will find on page 49 of the course reader.Week 8. Feminist Literary History.The seventh lecture will be given by Dr Jenny Taylor on Christina Rossetti, concentrating on Goblin Market, pp. 66-71 of the course reader. Please prepare for the lecture by reading Goblin Market and the section on Feminist Literary History in the Aspects course reader, pp.63-71.Week 8 Dr Jenny Taylor C hristina Rossetti and the Question of Feminist Literary HistoryFor your seminar, we want you to work through the three poems by Rossetti in the course reader in the light of the questions raised by the lecture and to compare them to the contemporaneous poems by Emily Dickinson in the Atlantic Studies and American pastoral section of the course reader, pp. 96.Second assignment for delivery in week 2 of the summer term. see Sussex Direct. What we want you to do for your second essay is to explore the idea of loco-descriptive verse and the walking or ambulatory poem, examining the ways in which Wordsworth and Ammons have used these forms for metaphysical and religious explorations.You may write a walking poem for your final submission (no more than 30 lines) but with an auto-critique or justification amounting in total to 750 words. Or you may write a sonnet in the same on the building a) of Stanmer House in the 1700s or b) the University of Sussex in the 1960s to explore a moment of profound historical transition. It would be helpful to re-read Goldsmiths The Deserted Village and the material on Enclosure and Emparking in the course reader before you embark on this (pp.53-58). You might take Sylvia Plaths Mayflower on page 49 as your model.Otherwise, you may write a comparative analysis of Wordworths Tintern Abbey and of the Ammons poem. Or your tutor may set you an exercise which has arisen from discussions in your final seminar on Hardy. This exercise is 1000 words long.Week 9. Literary History Transmission and DisseminationThe eighth lecture will be given by Professor Norman Vance on pastoral and the loss of faith reflected in and through attitudes to nature in Romantic and post-Romantic poetry, focusing on the poems by Wordsworth, Shelley and Hardy in the course reader, pp.72-77. Please read the section on Literary History and Dissemination in the course reader, pp.47-51.Week 9 Prof Norman Vance The refuse of Nature from Wordsworth to Hardy.For your semin ar, you will read the series of poems about birds and bird-song in the course supplement, as well as poems by Hardy and Yeats in the course reader linking the poets concerns with bird song and with flight to the possibility or impossibility of preserving the poetical tradition. How do scientific ideas particularly those of Darwin affect nineteenth century poetry? You will also consider the links between literary and intellectual history.Q. What do you think are the relationships between the Samuel Palmer Pastoral depiction (1835) on the front cover of the course reader and nineteenth century preoccupations with secularisation?The Jo Francis essay cited in the course reader is useful for reading Mont Blanc the Picot essay (like Franciss essay in Artsfac in the Reserve Collection) is also very helpful.Summer Term 2008We expect you to undertake some preparation for the summer term by reading the Atlantic Studies and American Pastoral section of the course reader and the Atlantic St udies and American Pastoral section of the course supplement.The lecture titles for the summer term are as follows. You will be given details about the work to be undertaken during the vacation and in your term-time seminars at the end of the spring term.

Impact of Globalisation on Education Essay

The effects of globalisation on grooming bring rapid developments in technology and communications atomic number 18 foreseeing changes within learning systems across the world as ideas, values and knowledge, changing the roles of students and teachers, and producing a shift in society from industrialisation towards an information-based society. In the research paper an effort is do to highlight the positive and negative implications of Globalisation on education and also remedies to the challenges set about by it. On moving towards its positive aspects it is evident that due to globalization there is explosion of knowledge.Access to knowledge has been do easier through Information Technology, satellites, supersonic travel etc, No country can afford to erect walls nearly it. A country like India for example, has no reason to discard globalisation because it has a large probable for natural resources, large national market, strong industrial base, a powerful R & D foot and abo ve all a highly knowledgeable and skilled manpower that can stand on its own in global competition and rise to any challenge. Employment based education was the some precious gift of gobalisation.Education can be globalised in three ways (i) By context of use up educational campuses abroad, (ii) By offering educational programmes in foreign countries through tie-ups or collaborations with their educational institution, and (iii) By admitting foreign and NRI students in our educational institutions. On moving towards its darker side, there are many challenges faced by our education system. Due to commercialization of education it creates a divide between haves and havenots. As education came in the reach of one-on-ones institutions it is going out of reach of poor. Moreover, the quality of education imparted in private and govt. nstitution have the difference of sky and earth. Quality of education in govt. institution is degrading and private institutions are beyond the reach. Wha t a pity Many foreign institutions and other private institutions are merely spirit level delivering machines. The objective of education from knowledge sharing is shifting merely to profit maximizing. This is a degradation in the values of Indian education system which has the glory of Vishw Guru and where the concept of gurukul and teacher-student relationship exists but today that note of student towards teacher and even the dedication and care of teacher towards student is missing.Along with all these, the outgrowth craze of medical, engineering and business administration and downfall in plain courses of science, commerce and arts has sole(prenominal) resulted in many doctors ,engineers and MBA students not recognized and no longer produces efficient and honest administrators which is a die-heart look at in country like India which is in the grip of cancerous corruption. Looking to all its positivity and negativities the flak in the research paper is to explore the remedi es to the challenges faced by education .To make globalization substantive and productive, we need to design a system of education that is universal, affordable, based on the principles of justice and related to the livelihood of the community. This new universal system of education must incorporate social and moral values in its curriculum and produce world citizens who are free from prejudices and who are the builders of an ever advancing civilisation.

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (

A landmark apostrophize matter that occurred in the early 1950s resulted in the desegregation of public naturalises. This historic controlling Court case was known as brown vs. circuit card of Education. The place was Topeka, Kansas, 1951. A little girl named Linda dark-brown and her father, Oliver Brown, attempted to enroll Linda in a resemblance elementary school that accepted whites whole. The request was denied, by the White elementary school. The little girl only lived a few blocks from the White elementary school, which would have been a good fit for her. Instead, she ended up traveling about a mile each day to attend the nearest Black school.Mr. Brown decided to request the help of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The NAACP was glad to help in the fight. Mr. Brown and the NAACP moved forward and challenged the segregation law. In 1892, the Plessy vs. Ferguson decision had set a motive for the issue of separate but equal, which ha d been applied to school in the Southern states since then. Parents in other states were besides pursuing the challenge to the separate but equal doctrine in South Carolina, Virginia, and Delaware. Mr. Browns case was heard by the U. S. District Court for the District of Kansas.The request by Mr. Brown was to pr veritable(a)t segregation of the public schools in Topeka. The NAACP argued to the court that separating Black children from White children was sending a wrong display case of message to the Black children. The message being sent was that Black children were somehow inferior to Whites and that there was no way that the education being provided could be equal. On the other hand, the Board of Education argued that segregation was a fact of life in the states where these children attended school, and that segregated schools helped prepare the children for the reality of what their adult lives would be give care (Robinson 2005).The Board of education went on to cite differen t successful educated American, none of whom attended unified schools, such as Frederick Douglass, George Washington Carver, and Booker T. Washington. In handing down their decision, the judges in this case wrote that colourful children suffered a detrimental effect from segregation of the schools (Robinson 2005). However, they countd that the legal precedent set by the Plessy vs. Ferguson case prevented them from proceeds the requested injunction and the result was that they ruled in favor of the Topeka Board of Education.Mr. Brown and the NAACP appealed the case and it went to the United States independent Court in the latter part of 1951. The case was combined with the Delaware, Virginia, and South Carolina cases. The ultimate Court handled this case very delicately and deliberated for quite sometime. The case was first heard by the Supreme Court, but a decision was not made at that time. Various interpretations of the Fourteenth Amendment were discussed and whether the Pl essy vs. Ferguson case had go against it. The case was heard again by the Supreme Court in December of 1953.Thurgood Marshall, who was the first African American Supreme Court Justice, gladly argued for Brown and the NAACP. Finally, a decision was made. On May 17, 1954, the U. S. Supreme Court issued the following decision Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities may be equal, deprive the children of the minority group of equal education opportunities? We believe that it does We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of separate but equal has no place (Brown vs.Board 1954). The Supreme Court tasked the nation with implementing this historic decision with deliberate speed. Recognizing the value of education, the court ruled unanimously in favor of equity. The Supreme Court declared that education is perhaps the more or less important function of state and local governments. It prepares our children for later professional training and in helping him to set normally to his environment. The court also declared that it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education.But the vagueness of the phrase combined with act bigotry slowed the process, in some cases to a standstill. With the segregation of public schools declared unconstitutional, segregationists across the South sprang into follow up to prevent the implementation of public school integration. Some states began to pass state laws to uphold segregation, which then had to be challenged in court by the federal government, one by one, delaying black children from attending White schools. Councils began to be developed, by segregationists, to fight against desegregation.One of the most dramatic occurred in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957, when White mobs screamed threats at nine Black high school students and blocked them, as they tried to go int o their new school for the first time. The Black students were unsuccessful, unfortunately. The president at the time was President Eisenhower, of whom ended up calling in the National concord to protect them so they could enter the school. President Eisenhower had to call in the National Guard to escort black children to an Arkansas school that refused to integrate.Other communities used different tactics to resist. In Virginia, schools unsympathetic rather than desegregate. Elsewhere, some white families migrated to suburbs. Some black parents kept their children in the same black schools to subdue conflict. Families who chose white schools under freedom of choice plans, allowing black children attend any school in a district, received threats. In at least one instance, a cross was burned outside the substructure of a family. Across the nation, the 1954 Supreme Court decision brought forth dreams of heightened hope and yet resistance, as well. accord to Benjamin Mays, the back bone of segregation had been broken. Martin Luther King expressed that the decision was a joyous day-break after a long desolate midnight (Moss 2004, 63). In conclusion, school desegregation was not an issue that was resolved overnight rather, it was the pains of those against segregation and the realization of the unequality that it was enduring upon our children that pushed the historic decision that will never be forgotten.Fifty geezerhood after the decision was made, it stands to reason that generations of U. S. students have benefited from its relief. The ruling spawned other protectionist laws, Title IX, for example, which specifically extends Browns principles to gender, that prohibit noncompliant institutions from receiving federal funds, and it cleared the educational paths of millions of minority students. Yet today, peoples impressions of the impact of the decision vary as widely as their personal experiences.Baby boomers recall a time of expanded opportunity and chan ge, while junior generations, nowadays, feel that the current classroom compositions are what they are, with the law behind them, the issue simply fills the pages in their history books. Although the Brown case directly addressed racial discrimination in public schools, the case has had capacious significance for women, as well. The Brown vs. Board of education decision was the legal decision necessary to cloture segregation in its tracks. By the time the decision was handed down by the Supreme Court, Linda Brown had already moved on to attend middle school.

Healthcare Management

The speedy shifts in the healthcare system, the opportunities to advance or develop my career, and a varied business edification which is helpful in facing the real-world healthcare industry are only many of the major reasons why I extremely want to earn a masters degree on Healthcare Management (World Wide Learn, 2008).Explaining further, the fast-changing system in healthcare industry makes me feel obliged to fix myself on health care organizations, finance, infrastructure, strategic management, quality management, database management, etc and learn more about trends, develops, tendencies, etc (World Wide Learn, 2008).In accompaniment to that, the development of my career also lies in the accomplishment of this Master Degree since it entails market-relevant courses that lead enhance the managerial skills that I possess into productive leadership and executive powers (World Wide Learn, 2008).Also, a Masters Degree in Healthcare Management will help me achieve familiarity, compre hension, expertise needed to recognize, scrutinize, as well as, rifle out multi-faceted dilemmas in relation to management (World Wide Learn, 2008).Meanwhile, the qualities that would make me a successful candidate for this space learning program include the followingFirst of all, I am self-motivated and driven to attain my ad hominem goals and objectives. I do not really need to be reminded of doing something and so I am confident(p) that I can make it in the world of distance learning.Second, I am not a tardy type of person. In fact, I am disciplined enough to accomplish my to-do-list on time. This is why even if distance learning entails studying at your own pace, I am real sure that I wont be behind in the tasks assigned to students like me.Last entirely not least, I am a reader. I understand that distance learning entails reading a lot since there would be less face-to-face classes, if not none at all, and so lessons will be mailed/emailed, thus, excessive reading is reall y required in this endeavor.ReferenceWorld Wide Learn. (2008). Health misgiving Management. Retrieved January 15, 2008 fromhttp//www.worldwidelearn.com/online-master/health-care-management-2.htm

Racial Discrimination in the Contemporary World Essay - 12

Racial Discrimination in the Contemporary World - Essay ExampleAccording to the study the concept that he actually completed was that most of the whites preferred sticking to their own groups. This was the beginning, that with time things changed and we got on better terms by and by a fewer months. However, the level of trust wasnt very high but I actually communicated with them. We were colleagues, but not friends who would actually go out or attend parties in concert. It cant be denied that my race did however, assist me in many matters. He formed a very strong bond and actually made truly good friends with people who belonged to different races and were international students like me and most of whom came from countries such as India, China, Rwanda and a few from Somalia. However, it is outstanding to note that these people were better off than me since they did not have a history of competitiveness with the US unlike the Arabs. They were oppressed basically on the account of their skin color and religion. There was a stronger feeling of trust between us and we knew that we could rely on each other. It was actually the racial favoritism that brought us all together because we were all facing the same difficulties. It was the common experiences and problems that brought us all together and it was after this that he could be very sure that he was not alone anymore. Another important benefit that he acquired was the fact that he became aware of the different races and cultures as all of my friends belonged to different places.

American Probation and Parole Association Research Proposal

American Probation and Parole association - Research Proposal ExampleThis is because the traditional custodial sentences argon likely to cause more rail at for the offender and the society when compared with probation. Probation therefore keeps a person under the control and management of a probation military officer who has the duty to ensure that the offender complies with the terms and requirements placed on him by the courts. A similar stool of probation is handed down to convicted prison houseers who have spent a portion of their jail terms. This is known as a tidings. A parole is a planned community release and supervision of incarcerated offenders before the expiration of their honorable prison sentences (Siegel and Worall, 2012 p67). These two forms of punishments imposed by the courts are meant to promote the integration of offenders back into society and excessively prevent the unnecessary incarceration of persons in overcrowded jails. The America Probation and Parol e Association (APPA) is the national association of parole and probation officers charged with the supervision of offenders who are placed on parole or probation. They are considered to be develop of the correctional system, however, they play a significant role in the criminal arbiter system because they are a link between the correctional system and the legal system (Banks, 2004). The fudamental duties of probational officers include 1. Supervising offenders 2. Maintaining contacts with parolees and probationers. 3. submit counseling services for parolees and probationers. 4. Resolve conflict involving the treatment, integration and surveillance of parolees and probationers. 5. Writing reports about probation and paroles for the courts (Banks, 2004). The APPA members are essential to exhibition professionalism, uphold the law, work with objectivity, co-operate with relevant professionals, recognize and practice the principles of APPA and maintain public faith in the criminal j ustice system (Banks, 2004). From these ideals and standards, APPA members and officers are required to work according to very high standards and entrust a very effective service to the society. However, in reality, there are significant issues that stand in their way. A lot of these problems are identified in journals and books that were presented by professionals who are related to the criminal justice industry. Some of them are explored below in the literature review. Literature Review Probation officers supervise two-thirds of all correctional clientele in the United States (Petersilia, 1997 p149). This means that they have a lot of work to do. And relative to prison officers, they are more burdened in terms of workload (Petersilia, 1997). However, in spite of their effort, they have a limited budget that is much lower than what the prison officers and correctional service officers receive. Also, they are ill-equipped and as such, felons go unsupervised. This gives them an imag e as lenient officers in the criminal justice system. Petersilia and Turner (1993) studied the intense supervision program that was instituted in the early 1980s closely. This program allowed parole and probation officers to undertake close survillance, urinalysis testing, treatment and employment of convicted offenders. This was a very strict method of

Harlem Renaissance Poets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Harlem Renaissance Poets - analyze ExampleHis experienced as Cuban refugee and a Cuban-American has influenced many people their daily lives. In addition, his wager has been included in many anthologies, which include Paper Dance 55 Latino poets (2002).It is non lightsome to imagine the composition of the Inferno, Canto I as having its beginning in such a mood of torrid exaltation and devotion to the memory of a dead person. And with the contrast with Virgils, it is clear that the final year of Dante living as the busy but contested one undisturbed by civil disputes. This could be a misleading picture, of course, and in any case it is not relevant to the fact that Dante left unfinished at his death plays on vitally the same poetic, emotional, and intellectual registers as its Italian precursor s. double instinct is also expressed in Virgil Surez poem. The double consciousness is more revealed in the closing section of fragment II by the mother-in-law tongue within a fiery cir cle of kerosene and watching as they stung themselves. This contradicts some the whole nature and themes in which the poem is written about.To begin with, Dantes Hell is an quality of a threatening vestibule that is a home to the souls, which are undecided on whether to do dandy or evil. It is, thus, clear that the angels who did not take any side during the fight between Lucifer and Michael in the bible reside here. The entrance of Hell marks the beginning of darkness and unidentifiable shades, which do not bear any color in their symbolization of lifelessness (Molefi, 2004). These lifeless shades are what Dante uses in comparison to dead leaves fluttering to the ground in autumn, weightless and lifeless, as when falling leaves distract themselves from the tree of life. All the souls descend one-by-one, like leaves falling first one and then the other (Dante 112-117). In this instance, we find that the simile employed by

Explanation of Quote Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

bill of plagiarize - Essay ExampleOne of these is the finish of fluid to perseverings. There ar many who have debated on the role of the application of fluids to patients at various times of nursing care. In the view of Gonzales (2008), Choosing the right fluids at the right time keep make the difference between survival and death. The common implication is that the organisation of fluid to patients on timely basis may either contribute to their deaths or survival. In this essay, this statement opined by Gonzales (2008) is critically assessed using academic and other professional journals and literature on nursing practice. Explanation of Quote First, it is important to make meaning of some of the major terms employ by Gonzales (2008) in the quote. Most importantly is the term, fluid resuscitation. Fluid resuscitation results out of fluid deficit, which also occur as a result of excessive fluid loss in patients with serious ailment. Clinical methods of restoring fluid to pat ients then execute fluid resuscitation (ONeill and Perrin, 2002). There are a number of fluids that come to play under fluid resuscitation. normal among these are blood products, crystalloids, colloids, Albumin, Hydroxyethyl starches, Dextrans, Perfluorocarbon emulsions and Hemoglobin-Based Blood Substitutes (Curran, 2012). For Gonzales (2008) to state that choosing the right fluids at the right time can make the difference between survival and death is a direct resonance to fluid resuscitation. Imperatively, she wants to evince that the right application of fluid resuscitation at the right time can save a patients life. The logical contradiction to this statement could also be given as the wrong application of fluid resuscitation at the wrong time could cause death. Having mentioned a number of fluids that may be used in fluid resuscitation, there is the implication that selection is an important process in fluid resuscitation and should therefore not be taken lightly. Again, k nowing the right time to apply fluid resuscitation is very important. So if fluid resuscitation cannot be said to be out rightly good or bad unless in context to the manner in which it is applied, then what are the benefits and risks of the fluid options in fluid resuscitation? In the guinea pig of Gonzales (2008), the fluid options given are Colloid and crystalloid in trauma population. Below are some thoughts. Benefits of Colloid and Crystalloid in psychic trauma Population Trauma is a common situation that health practitioners and especially nurses deal with in their routine duties as healthcare providers. The National Institute of Mental Health (2012) posits that trauma comes in different forms. correspond to the Institute, there are two major forms of trauma and that sensual trauma includes the bodys solution to serious injury and threat whereas mental trauma includes frightening thoughts and painful feelings. In most cases, physical trauma cases are those that require f luid resuscitation. On the benefits of using colloids as fluid resuscitators for patients suffering trauma, Kumar and Clark (2002) are quoted as stating that normal saline such as sodium chloride, which is a type of crystalloid is useful for some(prenominal) short-term fluid replacement and when the fluid lost has been mostly sodium chloride (ONeill and Perrin, 2002). This means that crystalloids are very benefitial in cases

VEHICLE ROUTE OPTIMIZATION FOR RFID INTEGRATED WASTE COLLECTION SYSTEM Essay

VEHICLE ROUTE OPTIMIZATION FOR RFID INTEGRATED WASTE COLLECTION schema - Essay ExampleThe model normally applies precise data having respective quantity and proper pickle undertaken through the use of the RFID technology and besides normally includes pre-determined capacity.The summary of the mathematical model in optimization of the route of a waste appealingness invests in the essence of reduction or minimization of the spotless transport cost while considering the capacity for the vehicle and all the exerted weight of the collected stash aways by also considering pre-determined zone. The mathematics refers to the ones indicated below. The mathematical programming model is as shows below (Alp & Emre, 2008).The provided elongate model has an objective go bad marked by number (3) which facilitates the minimization of the total distance driven across. Typical Constraints (4) and (5) provides assurance that all town apart from the collection center is excellently entailed or e ntered and left precisely once. The other Constraints (6) and (7) normally help in considering the amount of the total waste collected on the outlined waste bin i which is typically the lower go under. There is entailed capacity for waste vehicle in high limit qi. There is now the presence of the constraint (8), in addition with (7), which normally equates to the qi to ci as long as the i is equivalent to first waste bin of the any entailed tour. From the functions, if i is not assigned as the first tour, constraint (9) would exactly illustrate the presented relation available between and the variables qi and xij. The process will initially look into if the arc (i, j) is present in a waste collection tour or if not (Alp & Emre, 2008).The optimization approach on this mathematical model applies a linear programming and integer solver. The process is evaluated by the use of a special software referred to as Mosel spoken language or otherwise Dash